CPC: Module 2.11

2.3.07
Fitness factors
• Body weight:
-BMI measurement in kg/m2.
-Diet.
• Cardiovascular fitness.
-CVS (cardiac output 5.30L/min).
§Heart rate.
§Stroke volume.
-Lungs (ventilation 5-25L/min).
§Vital capacity.
§Flow rate - altitude and erythropoietin.
• Skeletal muscle.
-Hypertrophy.
-Microtrauma.
-Glycogen.
• Mental attitude.
-Positive thinking.
-Endorphin effect.

Lung diseases affecting fitness - pulmonary dysfunction
• Pulmonary oedema (secondary to cardiac failure).
• Asthma.
• COPD.
-Emphysema.
-Chronic bronchitis.
• Pulmonary fibrosis.

Heart failure
• Starling's law.
• Oxygen use by:
-Heart itself.
-Other tissues.
• Possibility of reversibility.
-LVAD device.

Metabolic syndrome
• Group of risk factors in one person.
-Central obesity.
-Abnormal lipids (high triglycerides and low HDL cholesterol) → atheroma.
-BP >130/85.
-Insulin resistance.
-Prothrombotic blood state.
-Elevated CRP.

Type II diabetes mellitus
• Genetic factors (concordance).
• Abnormal glucose load response.
• Insulin resistance (?reduced transporter protein).
• Elevated, but eventually insufficient insulin.
• >80% patients obsess.
• Amylin deposition in islets late on.